Kiichiro Toyoda had travelled to Europe and the United States in 1929 to investigate automobile production and had begun researching gasoline-powered engines in 1930. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works was encouraged to develop automobile production by the Japanese government, which needed domestic vehicle production partly due to the worldwide money shortage and partly due to the war with China.In 1934, the division produced its first Type A Engine, which was used in the first Model A1 passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. Production of the Model AA passenger car started in 1936. Early vehicles bear a striking resemblance to the Dodge Power Wagon and Chevrolet, with some parts actually interchanging with their American originals.Although the Toyota Group is best known today for its cars, it is still in the textile business and still makes automatic looms, which are now computerized, and electric sewing machines which are available worldwide.
Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent and separate company in 1937. Although the founding family's name is Toyoda (豊田), the company name was changed in order to signify the separation of the founders' work life from home life, to simplify the pronunciation, and to give the company a happy beginning. Toyota (トヨタ) is considered luckier than Toyoda (豊田) in Japan, where eight is regarded as a lucky number, and eight is the number of strokes it takes to writeToyota in katakana.
During the Pacific War (World War II) the company was dedicated to truck[citation needed]production for the Imperial Japanese Army. Because of severe shortages in Japan, military trucks were kept as simple as possible. For example, the trucks had only one headlight on the center of the hood. The war ended shortly before a scheduled Allied bombing run on the Toyota factories inAichi.
TOYOTA CARS
TOYOTA COROLLA
Once in a lifetime, comes a car that redefines luxury and style. Which looks and feels like it belongs to a class above. And provides a driving experience so far beyond anything you’ve experienced, that you’ll either be overcome with awe, or stunned by envy. The all-new Corolla Altis.All-new for 2009, the Toyota Corolla slightly grows in size and interior space. Powered by either the standard 1.8l 4-cyl. or the 2.4l 4-cyl. in the top-of-the-line XRS, the Corolla hosts five passengers in a comfortable and save interior that's protected by front, side, and side-curtain airbags. With five equipment levels, there's a Corolla for everyone.
TOYOTA 2020 CAR
Lotus Engineering demonstrates the lightweight future of the passenger car
Study by Lotus Engineering concludes that a vehicle mass improvement of 38% versus a conventional mainstream vehicle can be achieved at only 3% cost.
Efficient design and lightweight materials significantly reduce CO2 emissions.
Efficient design and lightweight materials significantly reduce CO2 emissions.
Lotus Engineering has conducted a study to develop a commercially viable mass reduction strategy for mainstream passenger vehicles. This study, released by the International Council on Clean Transportation, focused on the use of lightweight materials and efficient design and demonstrated substantial mass savings. When compared with a benchmark Toyota Venza crossover utility vehicle, a 38% reduction in vehicle mass, excluding powertrain, can be achieved for only a 3% increase in component costs using engineering techniques and technologies viable for mainstream production programmes by 2020. The 2020 vehicle architecture utilises a mix of stronger and lighter weight materials, a high degree of component integration and advanced joining and assembly methodologies.
Based on U.S. Department of Energy estimates, a total vehicle mass reduction of 33% including powertrain, as demonstrated on the 2020 passenger car model, results in a 23% reduction in fuel consumption. This study highlights how automotive manufacturers can adopt the Lotus philosophy of performance through light weight.
Based on U.S. Department of Energy estimates, a total vehicle mass reduction of 33% including powertrain, as demonstrated on the 2020 passenger car model, results in a 23% reduction in fuel consumption. This study highlights how automotive manufacturers can adopt the Lotus philosophy of performance through light weight.
Dr Robert Hentschel, Director of Lotus Engineering said: "Lighter vehicles
are cleaner and more efficient. That philosophy has always been core to Lotus' approach to vehicle engineering and is now more relevant than ever. Lightweight Architectures and Efficient Performance are just two of our core competencies and we are delighted to have completed this study with input from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to provide direction for future CO2 reductions. We believe that this approach will be commonplace in the industry for the future design of vehicles."
The study investigated scenarios for two distinct vehicle architectures appropriate for production in 2017 and 2020. The near-term scenario is based on applying industry leading mass reducing technologies, improved materials and component integration and would be assembled using existing facilities. The mass reduction for this nearer term vehicle, excluding powertrain, is 21% with an estimated cost saving of 2%.
A benchmark Toyota Venza was disassembled, analysed and weighed to develop a bill of materials and understand component masses. In developing the two low mass concepts, Lotus Engineering employed a total vehicle mass reduction strategy utilising efficient design, component integration, materials selection, manufacturing and assembly. All key interior and exterior dimensions and volumes were retained for both models and the vehicles were packaged to accommodate key safety and structural dimensional and quality targets. The new vehicles retain the vision, sight line, comfort and occupant package of the benchmarked Toyota Venza.
Darren Somerset, Chief Executive Officer of Lotus Engineering Incorporated, Lotus' North American engineering division which led the study, said "A highly efficient total vehicle system level architecture was achieved by developing well integrated sub-systems and components, innovative use of materials and process and the application of advanced analytical techniques. Lotus Engineering is at the forefront of the automotive industry's drive for the reduction in CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions and this study showcases Lotus Engineering's expertise and outlines a clear roadmap to cost effective mass efficient vehicle technologies."
The full report, entitled 'An Assessment of Mass Reduction Opportunities for a 2017 – 2020 Model Year Vehicle Program' can be found at the following link: http://www.theicct.org/documents/0000/1430/Mass_reduction_final_2010.pdf
The 2020 Passenger Car Technical Detail Body The body includes the floor and underbody, dash panel assembly, front structure, body sides and roof assembly. The baseline Toyota Venza body- in-white contained over 400 parts and the revised 2020 model reduced that part count to 211. The body-in-white materials used in the baseline Venza were 100% steel, while the 2020 model used 37% aluminium, 30% magnesium, 21% composites and 7% high strength steel. This reduces the structure mass by 42% from 382 kg to 221 kg.
The low mass 2020 body-in-white would be constructed using a low energy joining process proven on high speed trains; this process is already used on some low volume automotive applications. This low energy, low heat friction stir welding process would be used in combination with adhesive bonding, a technique already proven on Lotus production sports cars. In this instance, the robotically controlled welding and adhesive bonding process would be combined with programmable robotic fixturing, a versatile process which can be used to construct small and large vehicles using the same equipment.
are cleaner and more efficient. That philosophy has always been core to Lotus' approach to vehicle engineering and is now more relevant than ever. Lightweight Architectures and Efficient Performance are just two of our core competencies and we are delighted to have completed this study with input from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to provide direction for future CO2 reductions. We believe that this approach will be commonplace in the industry for the future design of vehicles."
The study investigated scenarios for two distinct vehicle architectures appropriate for production in 2017 and 2020. The near-term scenario is based on applying industry leading mass reducing technologies, improved materials and component integration and would be assembled using existing facilities. The mass reduction for this nearer term vehicle, excluding powertrain, is 21% with an estimated cost saving of 2%.
A benchmark Toyota Venza was disassembled, analysed and weighed to develop a bill of materials and understand component masses. In developing the two low mass concepts, Lotus Engineering employed a total vehicle mass reduction strategy utilising efficient design, component integration, materials selection, manufacturing and assembly. All key interior and exterior dimensions and volumes were retained for both models and the vehicles were packaged to accommodate key safety and structural dimensional and quality targets. The new vehicles retain the vision, sight line, comfort and occupant package of the benchmarked Toyota Venza.
Darren Somerset, Chief Executive Officer of Lotus Engineering Incorporated, Lotus' North American engineering division which led the study, said "A highly efficient total vehicle system level architecture was achieved by developing well integrated sub-systems and components, innovative use of materials and process and the application of advanced analytical techniques. Lotus Engineering is at the forefront of the automotive industry's drive for the reduction in CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions and this study showcases Lotus Engineering's expertise and outlines a clear roadmap to cost effective mass efficient vehicle technologies."
The full report, entitled 'An Assessment of Mass Reduction Opportunities for a 2017 – 2020 Model Year Vehicle Program' can be found at the following link: http://www.theicct.org/documents/0000/1430/Mass_reduction_final_2010.pdf
The 2020 Passenger Car Technical Detail Body The body includes the floor and underbody, dash panel assembly, front structure, body sides and roof assembly. The baseline Toyota Venza body- in-white contained over 400 parts and the revised 2020 model reduced that part count to 211. The body-in-white materials used in the baseline Venza were 100% steel, while the 2020 model used 37% aluminium, 30% magnesium, 21% composites and 7% high strength steel. This reduces the structure mass by 42% from 382 kg to 221 kg.
The low mass 2020 body-in-white would be constructed using a low energy joining process proven on high speed trains; this process is already used on some low volume automotive applications. This low energy, low heat friction stir welding process would be used in combination with adhesive bonding, a technique already proven on Lotus production sports cars. In this instance, the robotically controlled welding and adhesive bonding process would be combined with programmable robotic fixturing, a versatile process which can be used to construct small and large vehicles using the same equipment.
Closures/Fenders
The closures include all hinged exterior elements, for example, the front and rear doors and the rear liftgate. One alternative approach included fixing the primary boot section to improve the structure, reduce masses and limit exposure to high voltage systems. A lightweight access door was provided for checking and replacing fluids.
The closures on the baseline Toyota Venza were made up of 100% steel. The low mass Venza closures/fenders would be made up of 33% magnesium, 21% plastic, 18% steel, 6% aluminium with the other 22% consisting of multiple materials. The mass savings are 41%, a reduction from 143 kg to 84 kg.
Interior
The interior systems consist of the instrument panel, seats, soft and hard trim, carpeting, climate control hardware, audio, navigation and communication electronics, vehicle control elements and restraint systems. There is a high level of component integration and electronic interfaces replace mechanical controls on the low mass model. For the 2020 model the instrument panel is eliminated replaced by driver and passenger side modules containing all key functional and safety hardware. A low mass trim panel made from a high quality aerated plastic closes out the two modules. The air conditioning module is incorporated into the console eliminating the need for close out trim panels; heated and cooled cupholders are integrated into the HVA/C module. The audio/HVA/C/Navigation touch screen contains the shifter and parking brake functions and interfaces with small electric solenoids. This eliminates conventional steel parking brake and shifter controls and cables as well as freeing up interior space.
The front seats mount to the structural sill and tunnel structure eliminating conventional seat mounting brackets (10 kg) and the need to locally reinforce the floorpan. The composite front seat structure utilises proven foam technology; the seat mass is reduced by up to 50%. The rear seat support structure is moulded into the composite floorpan eliminating the need for a separate steel support structure. The front and rear seats use a knit to shape fabric that eliminates material scrap and offers customers the opportunity to order their favourite patterns for their new vehicle. Four removable carpet modules replace the traditional full floor carpeting; this reduces mass and allows cost effective upgrading of the carpet quality. The floorpan is grained in all visible areas. The 2017 production interior mass was reduced from 250 kg to 182 kg with projected cost savings of 3%. The 2020 production interior mass was 153 kg with projected cost savings of 4%.
2008 Toyota Land Cruiser
Toyota Land Cruiser review:
NEW LANDCRUISER: WORLD MOTORSHOW PREMIERE IN SYDNEY
* Australia chosen for motorshow debut
* Petrol and turbo-diesel V8 engines
* Australian-developed KDSS suspension system
* World`s first "crawl control" system
* Multi-terrain anti-skid braking system
* Stronger and bigger
* Enhanced performance on all surfaces
* Australia chosen for motorshow debut
* Petrol and turbo-diesel V8 engines
* Australian-developed KDSS suspension system
* World`s first "crawl control" system
* Multi-terrain anti-skid braking system
* Stronger and bigger
* Enhanced performance on all surfaces
Toyota`s completely redesigned LandCruiser wagon will have its global motorshow debut in Sydney next month before going on sale in November.
The new LandCruiser, to be known as the 200 series, will offer more powerful petrol and diesel V8 engines as well as other new technologies that enhance its performance.
New LandCruiser will be unveiled at the Australian International Motor Show on October 11.
Toyota Australia`s senior executive director sales and marketing David Buttner said Australia was chosen for LandCruiser`s motorshow debut over the recent Frankfurt motor show in Germany.
"This is a real coup for Australia," Mr Buttner said.
"It reflects the vital role Australia has played in the development of LandCruiser over almost 50 years," he said.
"LandCruiser has helped Toyota establish a deep connection with many of Australia`s rural and regional communities - a connection that continues today.
"It has been a key factor in building the foundations for the market leadership that Toyota enjoys today in this country."
New LandCruiser is 60mm longer, 30mm wider and the roofline is 15mm higher - with styling changes that give it an even more powerful presence.
The platform has been completely redesigned and retains a full-frame structure, which has been strengthened to increase safety, reduce noise and vibration and enhance interior comfort.
A double-wishbone front suspension with coil springs replaces the previous torsion-bar set-up, improving handling and stability.
In another breakthrough for Australia, the new LandCruiser is available with the Kinetic Dynamic Suspension System (KDSS) - originally developed by WA company Kinetic.
This hydraulic system, used for the first time in a Toyota, controls the front and rear stabiliser bars to provide excellent on-road stability.
KDSS also provides outstanding off-road performance through a larger suspension stroke achieved by effectively disabling the stabiliser bars.
Australian LandCruiser models will feature the choice of a new turbo-diesel V8 engine or a V8 petrol engine improved through intelligent variable valve timing.
Both engines have considerably more power than their predecessors while the turbo-diesel engine offers a dramatic increase in torque.
New LandCruiser petrol models feature the world`s first "crawl control" system for driving on surfaces such as rocks, sand or steep hills.
Toyota`s CRAWL automatically controls the engine and brakes to maintain very low speeds with minimal spinning or locking of the wheels.
It allows for delicate speed adjustments between approximately 1km/h and 5 km/h. Three speed settings can be selected by the simple turn of a dial.
This allows the driver to have a greater focus on steering and is also effective at extracting the vehicle if it becomes stuck.
LandCruiser can split power between the front and rear wheels through a TorsenÆ limited-slip centre differential built into the transfer unit of its full-time all-wheel-drive system.
A newly adopted multi-terrain anti-skid braking system provides excellent braking performance even on dirt roads, gravel and sand.
Safety advances include the stronger body structure, vehicle stability control and up to 10 airbags - front, side and knee airbags for the driver and front passenger, side airbags for the outboard second-row seats and curtain shield airbags for all three rows.
The new LandCruiser, to be known as the 200 series, will offer more powerful petrol and diesel V8 engines as well as other new technologies that enhance its performance.
New LandCruiser will be unveiled at the Australian International Motor Show on October 11.
Toyota Australia`s senior executive director sales and marketing David Buttner said Australia was chosen for LandCruiser`s motorshow debut over the recent Frankfurt motor show in Germany.
"This is a real coup for Australia," Mr Buttner said.
"It reflects the vital role Australia has played in the development of LandCruiser over almost 50 years," he said.
"LandCruiser has helped Toyota establish a deep connection with many of Australia`s rural and regional communities - a connection that continues today.
"It has been a key factor in building the foundations for the market leadership that Toyota enjoys today in this country."
New LandCruiser is 60mm longer, 30mm wider and the roofline is 15mm higher - with styling changes that give it an even more powerful presence.
The platform has been completely redesigned and retains a full-frame structure, which has been strengthened to increase safety, reduce noise and vibration and enhance interior comfort.
A double-wishbone front suspension with coil springs replaces the previous torsion-bar set-up, improving handling and stability.
In another breakthrough for Australia, the new LandCruiser is available with the Kinetic Dynamic Suspension System (KDSS) - originally developed by WA company Kinetic.
This hydraulic system, used for the first time in a Toyota, controls the front and rear stabiliser bars to provide excellent on-road stability.
KDSS also provides outstanding off-road performance through a larger suspension stroke achieved by effectively disabling the stabiliser bars.
Australian LandCruiser models will feature the choice of a new turbo-diesel V8 engine or a V8 petrol engine improved through intelligent variable valve timing.
Both engines have considerably more power than their predecessors while the turbo-diesel engine offers a dramatic increase in torque.
New LandCruiser petrol models feature the world`s first "crawl control" system for driving on surfaces such as rocks, sand or steep hills.
Toyota`s CRAWL automatically controls the engine and brakes to maintain very low speeds with minimal spinning or locking of the wheels.
It allows for delicate speed adjustments between approximately 1km/h and 5 km/h. Three speed settings can be selected by the simple turn of a dial.
This allows the driver to have a greater focus on steering and is also effective at extracting the vehicle if it becomes stuck.
LandCruiser can split power between the front and rear wheels through a TorsenÆ limited-slip centre differential built into the transfer unit of its full-time all-wheel-drive system.
A newly adopted multi-terrain anti-skid braking system provides excellent braking performance even on dirt roads, gravel and sand.
Safety advances include the stronger body structure, vehicle stability control and up to 10 airbags - front, side and knee airbags for the driver and front passenger, side airbags for the outboard second-row seats and curtain shield airbags for all three rows.
